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Maximum accuracy is achieved when the angle of intersection is a right angle and deteriorates as the angle become more acute or obtuse, until there is no solution as described further on.
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The accuracy with which we can do this is very dependent of the angles those rays intersect at. The basic principle of Photogrammetry, of which Photographic Intersection is a special case, is that if we have two or more directions in space that have know origins we can calculate the position of that point.
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to the nadir, -90°) all the directions from the centre are true. Spherical Panorama images are actually projections so have different geometrical properties to photographs, and projections such as the “Little Planet” and “Mirror Ball” from Pano2VR and “Polar”, “Mirror Ball” and “Magnipolar” from flaming pear have the same property as the fisheye lens looking vertically and that of my “Optic for Instantaneously Photographing an Horizon of 360°” in that when they are created looking vertically down (i.e. These technologies are ready available today and talented people have created the software and hardware that enable us to enjoy the creation of Spherical (360°) Panoramas. Although both computers and digital imaging existed in the mid 1970s, they were prohibitively expensive so not in the public domain and the personal computer and affordable digital camera were science fiction, so the only way to utilise this process was to make a print to use as a protractor. The use of the image from the fisheye lens had a major drawback in that most of the information of interest is restricted to a narrow band round the circumference. The advantage of using photography for measurement is that all the information in the photograph is available for future use without having to revisit the site, which may no longer exist. This property is that all the directions from the centre of the image were true so that an angle subtended by two points in the image at the centre was the same as on the ground. The idea germinated a year earlier when I was looking for a photographic method to measure a myriad of rooms at Annesley Hall in Nottinghamshire, England, and developed from a property of using a fisheye lens looking vertically so that the image is in a horizontal plane. The use of photography as a measurement tool has long been an interest of mine, and it is thirty eight years since I filed and was granted a patent for a device to photograph a complete horizon 360° panorama with a single exposure.